نقش پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ در ترمیم یا آسیب امنیت دلبستگی کودکان دلبسته ناایمن اجتنابی: یک مطالعه کیفی

اسپیدکار, محبوبه; معنوی‌پور, داود; پیرخائفی, علیرضا

doi:10.22034/pdmd.2024.444520.1049

نقش پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ در ترمیم یا آسیب امنیت دلبستگی کودکان دلبسته ناایمن اجتنابی: یک مطالعه کیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی تربیتی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران.

² دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

³ دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران.

10.22034/pdmd.2024.444520.1049

چکیده

هدف این مطالعه، بررسی نقش پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ در ترمیم یا آسیب امنیت دلبستگی کودکان دلبسته ناایمن اجتنابی بود. مطالعه حاضر، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه اجرا کیفی بود. جامعه پژوهش مربیان و کودکان کانون پرورش فکری کودکان و نوجوانان شهر تهران بودند که از میان آنها تعداد 8 نفر از مربیان و 100 نفر از کودکان طبق اصل اشباع نظری و با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شد. مربیان تحت مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته قرار گرفتند و کودکان به پرسشنامه طبقه‌بندی سبک‌های دلبستگی و پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته بازنمایی‌های ذهنی روابط دلبستگی در کودکی میانه پاسخ دادند. داده‌های این مطالعه با روش‌های تحلیل مضمون و فراوانی و درصد فراوانی تحلیل شدند. نتایج تحلیل مضمون نشان داد که برای امنیت دلبستگی کودکان دلبسته ناایمن اجتنابی 6 بعد و 10 مولفه شناسایی شد؛ به‌طوری که ابعاد شامل شکل بیان احساس‌ها (با دو مولفه عادی‌سازی واقعه و بی‌تفاوتی یا تردید)، شکل هیجان‌های بدنی (با یک مولفه جداکردن حس از واقعه)، انسجام در بیان (با دو مولفه کوتاهی بیان و طفره رفتن از پاسخگویی)، تعامل با فرد (با یک مولفه بی‌احتیاطی به همراه جدایی حسی)، شکل بیان واقعه (با یک مولفه کلی‌گویی و ایجاز) و مواجهه با تعارض (با سه مولفه اجتناب از واقعه یا فرار از موقعیت، پایان‌بندی باز/ سرهم‌بندی و تمرکز بر عواقب تصمیم به جای فهم مسئله) بود. نتایج فراوانی و درصد فراوانی حاکی از بررسی 10 مولفه مذکور بر اساس 7 روایت شامل مهمان، کلید، فروشگاه، غریبه، نقاشی، قلدرها و پیکنیک بود که نشان دادند که پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ در ترمیم یا آسیب امنیت دلبستگی کودکان دلبسته ناایمن اجتنابی نقش اندکی داشتند. بنابراین، با ارائه کارگاه‌های آموزشی مناسب و کاربردی می‌توان نقش پدربزرگ و مادربزرگ را در ترمیم امنیت دلبستگی کودکان دلبسته ناایمن اجتنابی بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Grandparents in the Repairing or Damaging of Attachment Security of Children of Avoidant Insecurely Attached: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان [English]

Mahboobe Espeedkar ¹
Davood Manavipour ²
Alireza Pirkhaefi ³

¹ PhD Student, Department of Educational Psychology, Garmsar Branch, Azad University, Garmsar, Iran.

² Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran

³ Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was investigate the role of grandparents in the repairing or damaging of attachment security of avoidant insecure attached children. The present study was in terms of purpose applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was educators and children of center of intellectual development of children and adolescents of Tehran city, which from them 8 educators and 100 children were selected as a sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation and with the purposeful sampling method. The educators were subjected to a semi-structured interview and the children answered to the questionnaire of attachment styles classification and researcher-made questionnaire of mental representations of attachment relationships in middle childhood. The data of this study were analyzed by thematic analysis and frequency and frequency percentage methods. The results of thematic analysis showed that for attachment security of avoidant insecure attached children were identified 6 dimensions and 10 components; So that the dimensions were included of form of expression of feelings (with two components of normalization of the event and indifference or doubt), form of physical emotions (with one component of separating the feeling from the event), coherence in expression (with two components of shortness of expression and avoiding accountability), interaction with person (with one component of recklessness along with sensory detachment), form of expression of event (with one component of generalization and brevity) and facing whit the conflict (with three components of avoiding the event or escaping from the situation, open ending/making up and focusing on the consequences of the decision instead of understanding the problem). The results of frequency and frequency percentage indicated the examination of the mentioned 10 components based on 7 narratives including guests, keys, stores, strangers, paintings, bullies and picnics, which showed that grandparents played a small role in repairing or damaging of attachment security of avoidant insecure attached children. Therefore, by providing appropriate and practical training workshops can be improved the role of grandparents in the repairing of attachment security of avoidant insecure attached children.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Grandparents
Repairing
Damaging
Attachment Security
Children
Avoidant Insecurely

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